Empresa y SaludMercado Laboral

6 de cada 10 trabajadores experimentan de forma regular problemas de estrés en el trabajo.

  • Solo una de cada diez personas encuestadas afirma no sentirse nunca estresada, mientras que el 21,2% afirma sentir estrés laboral de forma frecuente o constante.
  • El 63,6% de las mujeres encuestadas asegura sentir estrés de forma frecuente o recurrente, frente al 48,9% de los hombres.
  • Los trabajadores de ocho comunidades autónomas superan la media nacional de estrés laboral constante o frecuente, con Asturias, Galicia y Canarias a la cabeza, mientras que en Murcia, Navarra y Baleares es donde menos estrés se declara.
  • Sanidad, construcción y educación, los sectores donde los trabajadores sienten mayor agotamiento emocional entre los profesionales en España.

 La vuelta al trabajo tras las vacaciones suele implicar una sensación de desconexión forzada e incluso malestar emocional para muchos profesionales. Septiembre marca, para gran parte de la población activa en España, el inicio de un nuevo ciclo laboral en el que reaparecen dinámicas como la presión, la sobrecarga de trabajo o la falta de conciliación, factores que pueden afectar directamente al bienestar emocional y derivar en problemas como la ansiedad o, en los casos más graves, la depresión.

El impacto no es solo local. A nivel mundial, se estima que cada año se pierden 12.000 millones de días de trabajo debido a la depresión y la ansiedad, lo que supone un coste de unos 910.000 millones de euros en pérdida de productividad. 

En este contexto, Randstad, la empresa de talento líder en España y en el mundo, ha elaborado una encuesta entre más de 4.300 personas en edad de trabajar para analizar su bienestar emocional. Según los resultados, el 79 % de los encuestados cree que la falta de desconexión laboral impacta de forma directa en su salud y bienestar.  Además, revela que el estrés relacionado con el trabajo es frecuente o constante para más de dos de cada diez participantes. 

Un 16,2% lo experimenta frecuentemente y casi un 5% declara sentirse estresado siempre. A esto se suma un 38,2% que afirma sufrirlo a veces, lo que sitúa el total de personas que lidian con este problema de forma más o menos regular en el 59,3%. Es decir, que solo poco más de una de cada diez personas encuestadas (12,3 %) afirma no sentirse nunca estresada.

[Nivel de estrés declarado por los trabajadores españoles (%). Fuente: Randstad]

Más allá del malestar puntual, más del 60% de las personas reconoce haber sufrido síntomas de agotamiento emocional, ya sea en el pasado o en la actualidad. Estos datos reflejan una carga psicosocial que, si no se aborda, puede derivar en problemas graves de salud mental, absentismo y pérdida de productividad. 

Las mujeres declaran niveles más altos y frecuentes de estrés que los hombres 

El 63,6% de las mujeres encuestadas asegura sentir estrés de forma frecuente o recurrente, frente al 48,9% de los hombres. Además, un 19,8% de ellas afirma experimentarlo “frecuentemente”, una cifra notablemente superior al 13% de los varones. En el extremo opuesto, los hombres se muestran más propensos a declarar que no sienten nunca estrés (16,6 %) o que solo lo padecen rara vez (29,9 %).

Estos datos se enmarcan en una realidad ampliamente documentada por otras investigaciones, que apuntan a que las mujeres no solo sufren un mayor impacto psicológico del trabajo, sino que además arrastran una “doble jornada” que incluye las tareas domésticas y de cuidados. Estudios como el del Observatorio Nacional de Tecnología y Sociedad (ONTSI) confirman que las trabajadoras españolas declaran niveles más altos de fatiga digital, estrés sostenido y dificultad para desconectar, especialmente en entornos híbridos o de teletrabajo.

Los asturianos, gallegos y canarios, lideran el ranking de estrés laboral en España

La encuesta revela diferencias notables entre comunidades autónomas en cuanto al nivel de estrés laboral percibido. Según los resultados, a nivel nacional el 21,2% de los empleados en España afirma sentirse frecuentemente o siempre estresado por motivos profesionales. Sin embargo, este porcentaje varía de forma significativa según el territorio.

En lo más alto del ranking se sitúan Asturias (25,2 %), Galicia (24,7 %) y Canarias (24,3%), donde uno de cada cuatro empleados manifiesta sentir estrés siempre o frecuentemente. Les siguen los trabajadores de Andalucía (24%), Madrid (23,3 %), Comunidad Valenciana (22%), Cantabria (21,6%) y Aragón (21,6%), todos ellos por encima de la media nacional que es del 21,2%, que coincide con la media en Cataluña (21,2%). 

[Frecuencia con la que la población declara sentirse estresada, por comunidad autónoma (%). Fuente: Randstad]

En el lado opuesto del ranking se sitúan las comunidades con menores niveles de estrés laboral frecuente o constante. Los trabajadores de Castilla y León (19,9 %), seguida de La Rioja (19,6 %), Extremadura (18,8 %) y el País Vasco (18,5 %). A continuación, se sitúan Castilla-La Mancha (17,2 %) y Murcia (16,3 %). Por debajo del 15% se encuentran Navarra (13 %) y Baleares, que cierra la lista con un 11,1 %.

[Porcentaje de población que afirma sentirse estresada siempre o frecuentemente, por comunidad autónoma (%). Fuente: Randstad]

Sanidad, el sector que sufre mayor agotamiento

Este estrés sostenido se traduce en agotamiento emocional. En sanidad, uno de cada tres trabajadores (35,6%) asegura estar actualmente emocionalmente agotado, y un 43,3 % lo ha estado en el pasado. En construcción, el 31,5 % está actualmente agotado, el mismo porcentaje que ha vivido esa situación antes. En educación, el 29,8 % sufre burnout ahora, y un 35,1 % lo ha sufrido previamente. En el caso de los trabajadores del sector tecnológico, un 25,2 % está agotado emocionalmente hoy, y un 45 % lo ha experimentado.

Por el contrario, los sectores con menor impacto emocional son la administración pública, donde un 41,3 % no ha sentido nunca agotamiento, y solo un 10,3 % lo sufre en la actualidad; en el sector de cultura y arte un 38,7 % asegura no sentirse nunca agotado mentalmente, y el sector de la energía y medioambiente, un 37,1 %.

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